Auditing European Accounting Review

Question: Discuss about the Report for Auditing of European Accounting Review. Answer: It can be observed from the given scenario that the directors of the insurance company feloniously used the funds obtained from the general public by possessing policies of annuity rates so that the public can be exploited with current annual rate policies. With reference to the case law of Equitable Life Assurance Society -v- Bowley and others it can be seen that the directors of the society had evaluated the final bonuses that was to be allocated to the policyholders in such a manner that was found to be opposite as per the terms and conditions of the policy. The House of Lords unanimously discussed that there was an implicit term in the Articles of Association such that the directors of the society could not exert their discretion in the way they had as it overpowered the expectations of the GAR policyholders as represented by Equitable. After the judgement passed by the House of Lords, the society was then put to an end. Although the GAR policyholders were not insolvent, yet the UK government came up with a compensation policy for their benefit under the Equitable Life (Payments) Act 2010. By referring to such case law, it can be concluded that the insurance company was completely dishonest and for partnership determination whether liable or not, Anderson can cite such case. The case of Therapy Partners of America Inc v. Health Providers, Inc. can be mentioned when it comes to partnership being accountable to the creditors. When it comes to a declaratory judgment it can be said that the court must ascertain whether any controversy exists between the parties and whether it is of justifiable in nature. It can be witnessed from this case that the declaratory decision can be defended by partnership and therefore it can surely take a stand. For proper reference, Anderson can take a look at this case and hence can find a better view of the total scenario (Hoffelder, 2012). Negligence implies failure to exercise due care that a reasonably prudent individual would have exercised in specific circumstances. In terms of law, negligence implies a civil wrong whereby a party or a person is in breach of legal responsibility of care to another that results in injury or loss to the claimant. Negligence can either be unintentional or intentional but any kind of ignorance cannot be made righteous in order to avoid legal proceedings. Matters like providing of inaccurate information and unlawful claims that mislead an individual are negligence (Christensen, 2011). Therefore, it can surely be considered that if an act of negligence has caused loss or harm to others, then the negligent person is liable for legal proceedings to be initiated against him. When it comes to companies, negligent acts are highly punishable because such companies comprise of funds obtained from the public. Hence, such companies are responsible to undertake precautions like due diligence befor e any relevant activity so that future problems can be prevented. For negligence to occur in an activity, two conditions must be satisfied that is there must be a responsibility to be fulfilled and the individual liable to fulfill it must have contravened it. Whenever any breach has occurred by the defendant for any responsibility owed to the plaintiff, he is accountable for an act of negligence. Such breach can occur when the defendant does not undertake proper and due care in order to fulfill the responsibility. Whether a breach has occurred or not and whether there are elements like responsibility to be fulfilled in an activity is present or not shall be decided by the court jury (Heeler, 2009). Furthermore, the plaintiff is also liable to prove to the jury that if any loss or injury has been sustained by him because of the negligence of defendant. Then is the element of a proximate cause where the loss or injury sustained by the plaintiff due to the defendants negligence is greater than the loss or injury anticipated by him. On such matters, the plaintiff cannot prove to the jury that the defendants activities were the proximate cause of loss or injury to the plaintiff (Gilbert et. al, 2015). Next is the element of damage where the plaintiff is liable to prove to the jury the conformity of loss or injury sustained by him. Lastly is the element of a professional, unbiased and qualified lawyer who can present claims infront of the jury in order to win the case. An expert lawyer can turn the unfavorable circumstances in favor of the client. References Christensen, J. (2011). Good analytical research. European Accounting Review, 20(1), 41-51 Gilbert, W. Joseph J and Terry J. E. (2005). The Use of Control Self-Assessment by Independent Auditors. The CPA Journal, 3, 66-92 Heeler, D. (2009). Audit Principles, Risk Assessment Effective Reporting. Pearson Press Hoffelder, K. (2012). New Audit Standard Encourages More Talking. Harvard Press.

Whats That Sound Outside Essay Example For Students

Whats That Sound Outside Essay How would you like to make $100,000 a year by only working thirty hours a week? Just imagine being able to show up at your job around nine oclock in the morning without any boss getting mad at you for being late. While picking up the keys to your brand new, company truck, you check your messages in order to see what work needs to be done during the day. You head out and make your rounds to the customers that have requested your services, and then return to the office at three o clock in the afternoon to pick up your personal vehicle. The rest of the afternoon you are free to spend time with your family, and to complete some odd chores around the house. Many Americans believe that this scenario is too good to be a reality, and that is not possible. However, according to the outdoor magazine Field and Stream, and increasing amount of blue collar workers are leaving their current careers to pursue the American dream of earning a higher income by doing a smaller amount of labor. How are they accomplishing this unimaginable task? They are trapping nuisance racoons. Weve got guys out there making in excess of $100,000 a year nuisance trapping, declares Steve Greene of the National Trapping Association(qtd. in Field and Stream 8). We will write a custom essay on Whats That Sound Outside specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The racoon has become its own industry over the past four years in the state of Virginia, but the Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries(VDGIF) has repetitively denied the appeal of both coonhunters and the general public for a continual chasing season. As it stands at the present moment, racoons can only be chased from August 1 to May 31. During that chasing season, only two racoons can be harvested per hunting party each night(Hunting ; Trapping in Virginia 62).With these current game laws in effect, it is easy to see why the racoon population has risen so dramatically; and why they are considered nuisance animals. Drastic measures need to be implemented in order to regain control over these animals before they become unmanageable. It is imperative that the state of Virginia should abandon their old laws regarding racoons and adopt a year round chasing season with a bag limit of five racoons per hunting party each night. For nearly eight years, coonhunters have been requesting a twelve month chasing season for the one purpose of training their hounds. During the months of June and July, no coonhound can be released from its kennel without the risk of the owner being ticketed. Unfortunately, these dogs have to be trained and conditioned all year long in order for them to perform well when the hunting season does start. Living a sedentary lifestyle in an eight foot by twelve foot kennel for two months is not going to keep a dog fit and trim. Many coonhunters also competition hunt in UKC licensed night hunts against guys from surrounding states. This puts Virginia coonhunters at a serious disadvantage because every other mid-Atlantic state has a year round chasing season for the training of hounds. The majority of the competition winners come from North Carolina, which has the least restrictive game laws in the country(Massey). Not only would adopting a year round chasing season enable coonhunters to continually train their hounds, but it would also eliminate the overtime hours that Virginia game wardens have to work in order to police hunters. During June and July, game wardens spend the majority of their time checking fishing licences on area lakes. Instead of being able to go home at sundown, many wardens are forced to work another eight hour shift to ensure that coonhounds are not trailing racoons around in the woods. The amount of time and money the state pays for this service is much greater than the amount of money they collect from the ticketing of a few illegal hunters. .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb , .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb .postImageUrl , .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb , .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb:hover , .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb:visited , .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb:active { border:0!important; } .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb:active , .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9dbfb266aabe849b1be54c8f2f925ffb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Cask of the Amontillado - Revenge EssayThe ability to train dogs and saving tax payers money are not the only beneficial reasons for extending the racoon chase season by two months. Controlling the racoon population and decreasing the number of nuisance calls are also beneficial reasons. Whenever any population of animal becomes too great, diseases begin to crop up and spread quickly within those animals. It is estimated that thirty percent to fifty percent of all racoons east of Ohio, from Maine to Florida, are infected with rabies(Ordway 980). The tremendous overgrowth in population has facilitated this outrageously high number of rabies encounters. Other diseases th at are associated with racoons are Parvo, Distemper, and Brain Worms. By having a year round chase season, the population of racoons could be brought back to a manageable number to aid in eliminating the rabies virus and these other atrocious diseases. Nuisance calls to state game officials would also be lowered if the chasing season was extended. With the chance for coonhunters to decrease the number of racoons, the population would decline and fewer racoons would have the chance to rummage through peoples garbage. Bob Rose, a Bedford County resident, give a perfect account of the nuisance these animals have become. I woke up one morning around two-thirty in the morning to the sound of my trash cans rolling down the driveway. Since I live out here in the country, I wasnt sure what wasoutside. I honestly thought it was somebody going through my trash or trying to break in. I grabbed my shotgun from the gun cabinet and loaded it up. As I walked outside with myflashlight and gun in hand, all I saw was the ring tails and eyes of coons running back intothe woods. Its really become aggravating.Even though there are numerous advantages to extending the racoon chasing season, some people still advocate that the extension is not needed. Many animal rights activists proclaim that if a year long chase season is adopted the population of racoons would be decreased so much that they would run the risk of becoming endangered. Common sense thinking would lead you to believe their reasoning, but by looking at the evidence it is clear to see that the opposite is happening. There are at least fifteen times more racoons in North America now than in the 1930s(Ordway 110). Before the state of South Carolina adopted a twelve month chasing season they ordered the state game biologist to conduct an extensive study on their racoon population before and after a trial run of the program. The results were staggering. Even though the racoons were being hunted all year, their overall population had increased by four hundred percent. This percentage has not been the exception to the rule either. In states such as Ohio and Minnesota, racoon populations have increased seven hundred to eight hundred percent. If these population growths are not dealt with swiftly, Americans could find themselves in a very compromising position. According to doctors, Rabies shots are not a very pleasant experience to go through; neither is cleaning up wet trash off your lawn at eight oclock in the morning. Unfortunately, without an extended chasing season, this could become an everyday occupance. Even though animal activists and other opponents do not agree with the proposed plan, the racoon chase season should be change into a year long event. No matter how cute and cuddly they may seem, racoons are quickly becoming a problem that most of us will have to deal with. You can either contribute to paying some guy $100,000 a year to take care of the problem; or you can let a coonhound take care of it for free. Bibliography:Works CitedHunting Trapping in Virginia. New York: Leonard Lee III, 1999. .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1 , .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1 .postImageUrl , .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1 , .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1:hover , .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1:visited , .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1:active { border:0!important; } .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1:active , .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1 .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uce4a6851790cae571fe7cff0adc022a1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Sexual harassment EssayMaisie, James. Personal Interview. 11 Feb. 2000. McCombie, Brian. Those Dirty Racoons. Field Stream Dec. 1999: 8. Ordway, Bruce. Racoon Diseases and Parasites. Coonhound Bloodlines Jan. 2000: 98-99. Ordway, Bruce. Racoon Population. Coonhound Bloodlines Dec. 1999:110-111. Rose, Bob. Personal Interview. 10 Feb. 2000.

Could Gambling Save Science Encouraging An Honest Consensus Essays

Could Gambling Save Science: Encouraging an Honest Consensus To appear in Social Epistemology, 1992. (version appeared: in Proc. Eighth Intl. Conf. on Risk and Gambling, London, 7/90.) C O U L D G A M B L I N G S A V E S C I E N C E? Encouraging an Honest Consensus by Robin Hanson Visiting Researcher, The Foresight Institute P.O. Box 61058, Palo Alto, CA 94306 USA [emailprotected] 510-651-7483 The pace of scientific progress may be hindered by the tendency of our academic institutions to reward being popular, rather than being right. A market-based alternative, where scientists can more formally "stake their reputation", is presented here. It offers clear incentives to be careful and honest while contributing to a visible, self-consistent consensus on controversial (or routine) scientific questions. In addition, it allows patrons to choose questions to be researched without choosing people or methods. The bulk of this paper is spent examining potential problems with the proposed approach. After this examination, the idea still seems plausible and worth further study. INTRODUCTION After reviewing the discrepancy between what we want from academic institutions and what we get from current institutions, a market-based alternative called "idea futures" is suggested. It is described through both a set of specific scenarios and a set of detailed procedures. Over thirty possible problems and objections are examined in detail. Finally, a development strategy is outlined and the possible advantages are summarized. THE PROBLEM THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION Four centuries ago, some Europeans complained that the existing academic institutions were biased against them. Insiders, it was said, were "inflated by letters" and shunned anyone who dared "speculate on anything out of the common way" [De]. Outsiders -- astrologers, chemists, and people like Bacon and Galileo -- argued that they and their theories should be judged by how well they agreed with observations, and not by how they agreed with the authorities of the day [Gal]. This was the age of utopias [Whi], as these rebels debated possible academic reforms and imagined whole new social institutions, for both academia in particular and society in general. Within a century or so, the intellectual descendants of these outsiders became the new insiders in a process now called the "Scientific Revolution". They introduced a new respect for observations along with new social institutions, such as the Royal Society of London, inspired by those utopian ideals. Since then science has made impressive progress. Most controversial issues of four centuries ago seem long settled by now, and continued research may well settle most of today's controversies. Academia can claim some credit for this, and academic institutions have continued to evolve in response to perceived problems, formalizing publication in journals, credit in citations, and evaluation in anonymous peer review. PROBLEMS WITH ACADEMIA Yet little has really changed. Academia is still largely a medieval guild, with a few powerful elites, many slave-like apprentices, and members who hold a monopoly on the research patronage of princes and the teaching of their sons. Outsiders still complain about bias, saying their evidence is ignored, and many observers [Gh,Red,SmP,Syk,Tr,Tul] have noted some long-standing problems with the research component of academia. {footnote: Teaching reform is beyond the scope of this paper. I am content to observe that there are no obvious reasons why the changes I will propose should make teaching worse.} As currently practiced {footnote: Early peer reviewer consisted more of personally observing experiments and trying to reproduce analyses.} peer review is just another popularity contest, inducing familiar political games; savvy players criticize outsiders, praise insiders, follow the fashions insiders indicate, and avoid subjects between or outside the familiar subjects. It can take surprisingly long for outright lying by insiders to be exposed [Red]. There are too few incentives to correct for cognitive [Kah] and social [My] biases, such as wishful thinking, overconfidence, anchoring [He], and preferring people with a background similar to your own. Publication quantity is often the major measure of success, encouraging redundant publication of "smallest publishable units" by many co-authors. The need to have one's research appear original gives too little incentive to see if it has already been done elsewhere, as is often the case, and neglects efforts to integrate previous research. A preoccupation with "genius" and ideological wars over "true" scientific method [Gh] needlessly detract from just trying to be useful. Perhaps the core problem is that academics are rewarded mainly for telling a good story, rather than for being right. (By "right" I include not only being literally correct, but also being on the right track, or enabling work on the right track.)

Earthsong vs The Makers-Book Comparison essays

Earthsong vs The Makers-Book Comparison essays Good Morning ladies and gentlemen, the nominees for Book Award in Literature are The Makers by Victor Kelleher and the Earthsong also by Victor Kelleher. Without further adieu, the winner of this prestigious award for this year is The Makers. Let me tell you how the panel of judges including myself came to the conclusion that The Makers is a more compelling read over Earthsong. Firstly, The Makers has the setting of The Keep; a huge stone fortress in the middle of the desert and the old city, the ruins of a city that is deserted and that only contains vermin. These settings are interesting and seem to have an element of evil that is exciting. While Earthsong has many settings, the snow, the desert, the jungle, and it goes on. We found that these settings were boring and too normal. Even though the animals had evolved it was just too familiar for science fiction. The next thing we compared were characters. Jeth and Rae in The Makers were adventurous, always fighting for their freedom and their cause. On the other hand, Anna and Joe in Earthsong were not thinking for themselves, Walter, the spaceship, made all their decisions, which is bad. Language in both books was taken into account. The Makers used advanced language and sometimes were too descriptive, but it helped describe the settings and gave the reader a better visualization of the book. Earthsong is an easier read but is overly descriptive in some areas. We found Walters garbled speech annoying and it slowed the book down. Lastly we looked at each of the books plots. The Makers was exciting, powerful and adventurous. While the Earthsong was just too predictable, the characters just came along for the ride with Walter. Therefore, it was clear to us that The Makers is the winner. ...

International Business Environment Coursework Essay

International Business Environment Coursework - Essay Example While international business has been there for a long time, it has never been as intense as it is today. Yet, it has not reached its peak. In the future, conditions are going to make it easier, an also necessary for businesses to look at global opportunities. International business is therefore going to be more intensified as time goes on. Although more and more opportunities continue to increase, there are also some challenges that continue to show up in the international business environment. In this appear both challenges and the opportunities that will grace the international business environment have been identified. Of course, globalization is the biggest factor that has to be considered with regard to international business. Globalization is the unification of the global community made of nations, countries and regions, as they share various aspects of culture such as goods and services, language, ideas, education and even world views. Globalization has been made possible by the introduction of better communication and transport infrastructure which makes these things to be easily moved from one region to the other. Other factors also make globalization a necessity in the long run. With globalization, the world continues to be flatter with every technology that that comes up. The flatness of the world refers to the fact that things can be done around the globe in much more efficient and flexible way than they were done in the past. As the world gets flatter, it will mean that the market will respond equally to all types, sizes and even sources of competition. In a fact, world, all competitors have the same opportunity and some traditional factors that used to be the factors determining who dominates the market will cease to be important. Although this has been achieved in a number of ways, it is going to be even more so in the next decade. The

Abortions Should Remain Legal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Abortions Should Remain Legal - Essay Example However, before the Roe v. Wade ruling in 1973 which legalized abortion in the U.S., this practice was common. Prior to abortion being legal, many untold thousands of young women were injured and died while trying to end a pregnancy while the wealthy women were able to have illegal abortions performed safely usually outside the country. The rich were able to travel overseas or pay inflated high prices to a local physician who was willing to perform the operation but poor woman had to resort to more dangerous options. Criminalizing abortions never has and never will stop them from happening; it just harms women. Those persons opposed to legal abortions are the same ones who oppose programs that aid the poor and abused kids who resulted from unwanted pregnancies. They point to ‘family values’ and ‘Christian morals’ as the rationalization for discrimination of the impoverished, the loss of liberty, and the increased numbers of injured women. There will always b e ideological differences between factions but the dispute as to whether abortion should be legal is a matter for the justice system, courts and judges, as are all legal matters. This paper considers the legal arguments of the abortion issue. The emotional arguments for and against are important from a social context yet but peoples ‘feelings’ about abortion will not decide whether or not the procedure remain lawful and safe. The 1973 Roe v. Wade U.S. Supreme Court case decided that women have the constitutional right to have an abortion performed up to a point when the fetus is viable, meaning when it can live on its own outside the woman’s body. The decision nullified any state law that disallowed a woman to have or a doctor to perform an abortion during the first trimester (three months) of a pregnancy. The ruling also restricted abortions during the second-trimester with the exception being if a woman’s health is in danger (â€Å"Roe v. Wade†, 1 997: 312). Though the decision was controversial then and remains so today, the Court’s decision was right from a constitutional perspective. Detractors of the decision have commonly made arguments based on personal ethical beliefs which are immaterial when the language of the Constitution is scrutinized. Their moral objections regarding the Roe decision can be rapidly invalidate by evaluating the precedents of constitutional decisions by the Supreme Court and reading the specific wordage of the Constitution. There are, however, legitimate questions concerning the Constitutional issues of the Roe decision that merit answering. When most people speak disparagingly of the Court’s decision, they base their disapproval purely on moral justifications but lawyers, scholars and especially judges who criticize the decision should only do so based for constitutional reasoning in addition to expressing their moral objections. Opposition to the decision should speak to the 9th Am endment which states, â€Å"The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people† (â€Å"Bill of Rights†, 2006). Opponents say that the ninth, and all other amendments, do not explicitly mention abortion consequently the Constitution does not apply when trying to establish the legality of abortion rights. This view, however, clearly contradicts the short and succinct statement that is the Ninth Amendment which undoubtedly encourages the right to an abortion and all other rights whether or not explicitly stated in the Constitution. Just because a specific word or phrase does not appear, the Constitution remains the source for legal precedence for this subject as it is for

Women and Mothers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Women and Mothers - Essay Example his depicts mothers’ role as key advisors in their respective families, mostly comprised of instructing children on varied aspects that pertain to both moral and spiritual conduct. Therefore, it was the mandate of Carolingian women to instill both spiritual and societal morals among their children via emphasizing on the essence of God’s reverence in their lives. In Carolingian family, mother’s key role encompassed instructing children according to scriptural precepts. This was to ensure they embraced pious life while still young besides attaining other essential societal morals meant to help them succeed in their entire lives. Hence, ensure societal harmony and decency (Dhuoda 10). The entire book comprises almost of one persona, which is the mother who goes to the extent of elaborating what she says to her son. This is to ensure while William is young, understands well everything regarding earthly life besides benefits attached to being humble, respecting, obedient and Godly (Dhuoda 22). For instance, Dhuoda instructs William saying, If you love God with all your heart and study carefully the volumes of His scriptures in the Old and New Testaments, and if you do this reading with appropriate concentration, then the spirit of wisdom will come to rest upon you1. In addition, besides mothers instructing young ones to embrace piety, they emphasized the essence of children respecting their fathers (Dhuoda 22). This is via using examples from the Holy Scriptures that feature varied old patriarchs or saints who choose the same path and became successful, for instance, Isaac (Dhuoda 24). However, emphasis for mothers’ respect is not as per fathers’ in the entire book but calls for parents’ general obedience by their children. Hence, confirming the mothers’ role of instilling morals among their young children. This is also noticeable in the entire book, whereby there is no father’s intervention either in suggesting or indulging themselves with close